a.The architecture of the all-optical CNN for OAM-mediated machine learning, which can be applied to encode a data-specific image into OAM states. The photonic neural network comprises a trainable ...

In the present big data era, data is growing exponentially, and optical networks serve as the backbone for high-capacity and long-distance data transmission. Optical networks are always large scale, ...

Neural networks are one typical structure on which artificial intelligence can be based. The term neural describes their learning ability, which to some extent mimics the functioning of neurons in our ...

Modern information technology (IT) relies on division of labour. Photons carry data around the world and electrons process them. But, before optical fibres, electrons did both—and some people hope to ...

A machine learning model has been developed that makes optical spectroscopy data easier and quicker to interpret. Researchers from Rice University (TX, USA) have developed a new machine learning ...

Can one see through a scattering medium like ground glass? Conventionally, such a feat would be deemed impossible. As light travels through an opaque medium, the information contained in the light ...

Chiral molecules present a particular challenge for analytical laboratories.Two enantiomers can share the same chemical ...

With the aggressive scaling of semiconductor devices, the increasing complexity of device structure coupled with tighter metrology error budget has driven up Optical ...